Galina Vdovina. Thomas Compton Carleton and mental fictions. Vol. 3. No. 2. 2018

Publication Details

Thomas Compton Carleton and mental fictions
Title in the language of publication: Томас Комптон Карлтон и ментальные фикции
Author:
Galina Vdovina
Doctor of Philosophy, Leading Research Fellow at the Institute of Philosophy of the Russian Academy of Sciences.
Address: 12/1 Goncharnaya Str., Moscow 109240, Russia.
Issue:
P. 291–325.
Language: Russian
Document type: Research Article (introdaction)
Acknowledgments:  The present study is a part of the project No. 18-011-00162, “Ens rationis: Non-existent objects, mental fictions and negations in the logical and metaphysical discourse of the 17th century scholasticism”, implemented with a financial support of the Russian Foundation for Basic Research.
 
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Abstract

The article deals with the conception of mental being (ens rationis) proposed by the 17th century Jesuit philosopher Thomas Compton Carleton. The mental being, as opposed to the real being, is one of the cross-cutting themes of European philosophy. In the period of high and late scholasticism, it occupied a prominent place in the semantic, ontological and epistemological discourse. There was no absolutely unified and universally recognized concept of ens rationis in scholasticism, and at different times different authors put different content into this term. Compton Carleton explores the subject of mental existence, following four Aristotelian questions: “does it exist?”, “what is it?”, “what is it like?”, “what are the reasons for it?” Compton is convinced that the mental being “exists” as an impossible thing that cannot be reduced to any kind of real or possible being. To the question “what is it?” Compton answers that ens rationis in the most intrinsic sense is a chimerical being that exists only through an act of intelligence that produces it by thinking it. The very “essence” of the mental being is the impossible connection between the parts of the chimera, which makes impossible also its parts, which, when taken separately, are real. Finally, in response to the question about the producing cause of the mental being, Compton answers that it is produced either by intellectual acts only (simple apprehension and judgments) or by acts of intellect combined with acts of imagination. The ens rationis conception proposed by Compton Cartlon is one of the most developed and authoritative theories of mental being in post-medieval scholasticism. As an appendix to the article, a translated excerpt from the first edition of Thomas Compton Carleton’s course “Universal Philosophy” is published (Compton Carleton Th. Philosophia universa. Antverpiae: Apud Iacovum Mevrsium, 1649. P. 65–70).

Keywords

Thomas Compton Carlton, ens rationis, mental being, chimera, impossible being, connection between chimera parts, scholasticism, intellectual act, simple apprehension, judgment.

References 

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© Galina Vdovina 2018

Vitaliy Ivanov. Duns Scotus and the Scotists about identity and difference: On the history of two metaphysical concepts in Scholastic-Aristotelian philosophy. Vol. 3. No. 2. 2018

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Ioannes Duns Scotus, OFM. Quaestiones Quodlibetales. Quaestio V: Utrum relatio originis sit formaliter infinita. Vol. 3. No. 2. 2018

Publication Details

Quaestiones Quodlibetales. Quaestio V: Utrum relatio originis sit formaliter infinita
Title in the language of publication: Какие угодно вопросы. Вопрос V. Есть ли отношение происхождения [в божественном] формально бесконечное
Author: Ioannes Duns Scotus, OFM
Translated from Latin and notes: 
Vitaliy Ivanov
Research Fellow at the Research and Education Center for Religion, Philosophy, and Culture Studies at St. Petersburg State University of Aerospace Instrumentation, Associate Research Fellow at the Sociological institute of the Federal Center of Theoretical and Applied Sociology of the Russian Academy of Sciences.
Address: 67A Bolshaya Morskaia str., Saint-Petersburg, 190000, Russia.
Issue:
P. 226–254.
Language: Russian
Document type: Translation and notes
 
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© Vitaliy Ivanov, transl., notes, 2018

Vitaly Ivanov. The Question on the intensive Infinity in the Trinity by John Duns Scotus within the Tradition of the theological Quodlibetal questions. An Introduction. Vol. 3. No. 2. 2018

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F. W. J. Schelling. On the Source of Eternal Truths. Vol. 3. No. 2. 2018

Publication Details

On the Source of Eternal Truths
Title in the language of publication: Трактат об источнике вечных истин
Author: F. W. J. Schelling
Translated from German: 
Andrei Patkul
PhD in Philosophy, Associate Professor of the Institute of Philosophy of the Saint Petersburg State University.
Address: 7/9 Universitetskaya emb., St. Petersburg 199034, Russia.
Comments: 
Andrei Patkul
PhD in Philosophy, Associate Professor of the Institute of Philosophy of the Saint Petersburg State University.
Address: 7/9 Universitetskaya emb., St. Petersburg 199034, Russia.

Vitaliy Ivanov
Research Fellow at the Research and Education Center for Religion, Philosophy, and Culture Studies at St. Petersburg State University of Aerospace Instrumentation, Associate Research Fellow at the Sociological institute of the Federal Center of Theoretical and Applied Sociology of the Russian Academy of Sciences.
Address: 67 Bolshaya Morskaia str., Saint-Petersburg, 190000, Russia.

Oleg Nogovitsin
PhD in Philosophy, Senior Researcher at the Sociological institute of the Federal Center of Theoretical and Applied Sociology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Associate Professor of the Higher School of Social Sciences at the Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University.
Address: 25/14 7-ya Krasnoarmeyskaya str., St. Petersburg 190005, Russia.
Issue:
P. 122–186.
Language: Russian
Document type: Translation and comments
 
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© Andrei Patkul, transl., comment., 2018  © Vitaliy Ivanov, comment., 2018  © Oleg Nogovitsin, comment., 2018

Andrei Patkul. The Comments to the Publication of the Russian Translation of F.W.J. Schelling’s Treatise “On the Source of Eternal Truths”. Vol. 3. No. 2. 2018

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Nicole Loraux. The soul of the city. Vol. 3. No. 2. 2018

Publication Details

The soul of the city
Title in the language of publication: Душа города
Author:
Nicole Loraux
1943–2003. A French historian of politics in the antique Greece, a participant of the so-called “Paris School” (together with J.-P. Vernant, M. Detienne and her teacher P. Vidal-Naquet), a collaborator of the School of Advanced Studies in the Social Sciences (École des hautes études en sciences sociales) in Paris; has worked at the edge of the history and the anthropology, with a significant deconstructivist component.
Translated from French
Sergey Ermakov
Associate Research Fellow at the Sociological institute of the Federal Center of Theoretical and Applied Sociology of the Russian Academy of Sciences.
Address: 25/14 7-ya Krasnoarmeyskaya str., St. Petersburg 190005, Russia.
Issue:
P. 22–50.
Language: Russian
Document type: Research Article (translition)
 
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Abstract

The text by Nicole Loraux, which is published in translation into Russian, is one of the first (methodological) chapters of the monograph “The Divided City: On Memory and Forgetting in Ancient Athens” (1997), containing her study of the civil war in the Ancient Greece and its reflexion in the Greek political thought. This text is the development of a lecture delivered at the French Association of Psychoanalysis (Association Française de Psychanalyse) (1987). It presents an attempt of explication of the already started dialogue between psychoanalysis and the studies of the history of the classical Greece, that make use of some explanation models and notions of psychoanalysis. At the same time Nicole Loraux seeks to draw a boundary line between classical studies and psychoanalysis as accurately as possible, making the text one of the rare examples of deep humanitarian reflexion on the legitimacy of such type of borrowings from psychoanalysis, of the usage of analogies and of the notion of analogy itself. The latter itself might lead to several paradoxes, as it had already been the case in Freud’s metapsychological works. Productivity, applicability and risks of psychoanalytical analogies are demonstrated through the examples of “repression” and “undoing” of the Greek notions στάσις and κράτος, the two most important terms for understanding the Greek civil war and politics in general, as well as certain events in the history of the Athenian democracy of the 5th century B.C.

Keywords

Memory of Athens, Plato, Freud, stásis, krátos, undoing, repression, analogy.

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© Nicole Loraux, 2016  © Sergey Ermakov, transl., 2018